[解決済み] Flutter FirestoreでD8が発生：要求されたクラスを単一のdexファイルに収められない (# methods: 71610 > 65536) in Android Studio

質問

最新バージョンの Android Studio で Flutter アプリに firestore を使用しようとしています。私はこれらの指示に正確に従いました。 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DqJ_KjFzL9I&list=PLjxrf2q8roU2HdJQDjJzOeO6J3FoFLWr2&index=9 先週は別のアプリで動作させることもできました。現在、pubspec.yaml を更新するまでのすべてのステップを完了した後、新しいアプリを実行しようとすると、次のエラーが表示されます。この例では、ここに記載されている以外にコードの変更がない、新しい flutter counter アプリでエラーが発生することに留意してください。

D8: Cannot fit requested classes in a single dex file (# methods: 71610 > 65536)

FAILURE: Build failed with an exception.

* What went wrong:
Execution failed for task ':app:transformDexArchiveWithExternalLibsDexMergerForDebug'.
> com.android.builder.dexing.DexArchiveMergerException: Error while merging dex archives: C:\Users\DonBo\AndroidStudioProjects\don_flutter_projects\bakery\bakery\build\app\intermediates\transforms\dexBuilder\debug\2.jar, C:\Users\DonBo\AndroidStudioProjects\don_flutter_projects\bakery\bakery\build\app\intermediates\transforms\dexBuilder\debug\3.jar, C:\Users\DonBo\AndroidStudioProjects\don_flutter_projects\bakery\bakery\build\app\intermediates\transforms\dexBuilder\debug\4.jar, C:\Users\DonBo\AndroidStudioProjects\don_flutter_projects\bakery\bakery\build\app\intermediates\transforms\dexBuilder\debug\5.jar, C:\Users\DonBo\AndroidStudioProjects\don_flutter_projects\bakery\bakery\build\app\intermediates\transforms\dexBuilder\debug\6.jar, C:\Users\DonBo\AndroidStudioProjects\don_flutter_projects\bakery\bakery\build\app\intermediates\transforms\dexBuilder\debug\7.jar, C:\Users\DonBo\AndroidStudioProjects\don_flutter_projects\bakery\bakery\build\app\intermediates\transforms\dexBuilder\debug\8.jar, C:\Users\DonBo\AndroidStudioProjects\don_flutter_projects\bakery\bakery\build\app\intermediates\transforms\dexBuilder\debug\9.jar, C:\Users\DonBo\AndroidStudioProjects\don_flutter_projects\bakery\bakery\build\app\intermediates\transforms\dexBuilder\debug\10.jar, C:\Users\DonBo\AndroidStudioProjects\don_flutter_projects\bakery\bakery\build\app\intermediates\transforms\dexBuilder\debug\11.jar, C:\Users\DonBo\AndroidStudioProjects\don_flutter_projects\bakery\bakery\build\app\intermediates\transforms\dexBuilder\debug\12.jar, C:\Users\DonBo\AndroidStudioProjects\don_flutter_projects\bakery\bakery\build\app\intermediates\transforms\dexBuilder\debug\13.jar, C:\Users\DonBo\AndroidStudioProjects\don_flutter_projects\bakery\bakery\build\app\intermediates\transforms\dexBuilder\debug\14.jar, C:\Users\DonBo\AndroidStudioProjects\don_flutter_projects\bakery\bakery\build\app\intermediates\transforms\dexBuilder\debug\15.jar, C:\Users\DonBo\AndroidStudioProjects\don_flutter_projects\bakery\bakery\build\app\intermediates\transforms\dexBuilder\debug\16.jar, C:\Users\DonBo\AndroidStudioProjects\don_flutter_projects\bakery\bakery\build\app\intermediates\transforms\dexBuilder\debug\17.jar, C:\Users\DonBo\AndroidStudioProjects\don_flutter_projects\bakery\bakery\build\app\intermediates\transforms\dexBuilder\debug\18.jar, C:\Users\DonBo\AndroidStudioProjects\don_flutter_projects\bakery\bakery\build\app\intermediates\transforms\dexBuilder\debug\19.jar, C:\Users\DonBo\AndroidStudioProjects\don_flutter_projects\bakery\bakery\build\app\intermediates\transforms\dexBuilder\debug\20.jar, C:\Users\DonBo\AndroidStudioProjects\don_flutter_projects\bakery\bakery\build\app\intermediates\transforms\dexBuilder\debug\21.jar, C:\Users\DonBo\AndroidStudioProjects\don_flutter_projects\bakery\bakery\build\app\intermediates\transforms\dexBuilder\debug\22.jar, C:\Users\DonBo\AndroidStudioProjects\don_flutter_projects\bakery\bakery\build\app\intermediates\transforms\dexBuilder\debug\23.jar, C:\Users\DonBo\AndroidStudioProjects\don_flutter_projects\bakery\bakery\build\app\intermediates\transforms\dexBuilder\debug\24.jar, C:\Users\DonBo\AndroidStudioProjects\don_flutter_projects\bakery\bakery\build\app\intermediates\transforms\dexBuilder\debug\25.jar, C:\Users\DonBo\AndroidStudioProjects\don_flutter_projects\bakery\bakery\build\app\intermediates\transforms\dexBuilder\debug\26.jar, C:\Users\DonBo\AndroidStudioProjects\don_flutter_projects\bakery\bakery\build\app\intermediates\transforms\dexBuilder\debug\27.jar, C:\Users\DonBo\AndroidStudioProjects\don_flutter_projects\bakery\bakery\build\app\intermediates\transforms\dexBuilder\debug\28.jar, C:\Users\DonBo\AndroidStudioProjects\don_flutter_projects\bakery\bakery\build\app\intermediates\transforms\dexBuilder\debug\29.jar, C:\Users\DonBo\AndroidStudioProjects\don_flutter_projects\bakery\bakery\build\app\intermediates\transforms\dexBuilder\debug\30.jar, C:\Users\DonBo\AndroidStudioProjects\don_flutter_projects\bakery\bakery\build\app\intermediates\transforms\dexBuilder\debug\31.jar, C:\Users\DonBo\AndroidStudioProjects\don_flutter_projects\bakery\bakery\build\app\intermediates\transforms\dexBuilder\debug\32.jar, C:\Users\DonBo\AndroidStudioProjects\don_flutter_projects\bakery\bakery\build\app\intermediates\transforms\dexBuilder\debug\33.jar, C:\Users\DonBo\AndroidStudioProjects\don_flutter_projects\bakery\bakery\build\app\intermediates\transforms\dexBuilder\debug\34.jar, C:\Users\DonBo\AndroidStudioProjects\don_flutter_projects\bakery\bakery\build\app\intermediates\transforms\dexBuilder\debug\35.jar, C:\Users\DonBo\AndroidStudioProjects\don_flutter_projects\bakery\bakery\build\app\intermediates\transforms\dexBuilder\debug\36.jar, C:\Users\DonBo\AndroidStudioProjects\don_flutter_projects\bakery\bakery\build\app\intermediates\transforms\dexBuilder\debug\37.jar, C:\Users\DonBo\AndroidStudioProjects\don_flutter_projects\bakery\bakery\build\app\intermediates\transforms\dexBuilder\debug\38.jar, C:\Users\DonBo\AndroidStudioProjects\don_flutter_projects\bakery\bakery\build\app\intermediates\transforms\dexBuilder\debug\39.jar, C:\Users\DonBo\AndroidStudioProjects\don_flutter_projects\bakery\bakery\build\app\intermediates\transforms\dexBuilder\debug\40.jar, C:\Users\DonBo\AndroidStudioProjects\don_flutter_projects\bakery\bakery\build\app\intermediates\transforms\dexBuilder\debug\41.jar, C:\Users\DonBo\AndroidStudioProjects\don_flutter_projects\bakery\bakery\build\app\intermediates\transforms\dexBuilder\debug\42.jar, C:\Users\DonBo\AndroidStudioProjects\don_flutter_projects\bakery\bakery\build\app\intermediates\transforms\dexBuilder\debug\43.jar, C:\Users\DonBo\AndroidStudioProjects\don_flutter_projects\bakery\bakery\build\app\intermediates\transforms\dexBuilder\debug\44.jar, C:\Users\DonBo\AndroidStudioProjects\don_flutter_projects\bakery\bakery\build\app\intermediates\transforms\dexBuilder\debug\45.jar, C:\Users\DonBo\AndroidStudioProjects\don_flutter_projects\bakery\bakery\build\app\intermediates\transforms\dexBuilder\debug\46.jar, C:\Users\DonBo\AndroidStudioProjects\don_flutter_projects\bakery\bakery\build\app\intermediates\transforms\dexBuilder\debug\47.jar, C:\Users\DonBo\AndroidStudioProjects\don_flutter_projects\bakery\bakery\build\app\intermediates\transforms\dexBuilder\debug\48.jar, C:\Users\DonBo\AndroidStudioProjects\don_flutter_projects\bakery\bakery\build\app\intermediates\transforms\dexBuilder\debug\49.jar, C:\Users\DonBo\AndroidStudioProjects\don_flutter_projects\bakery\bakery\build\app\intermediates\transforms\dexBuilder\debug\50.jar, C:\Users\DonBo\AndroidStudioProjects\don_flutter_projects\bakery\bakery\build\app\intermediates\transforms\dexBuilder\debug\51.jar, C:\Users\DonBo\AndroidStudioProjects\don_flutter_projects\bakery\bakery\build\app\intermediates\transforms\dexBuilder\debug\52.jar, C:\Users\DonBo\AndroidStudioProjects\don_flutter_projects\bakery\bakery\build\app\intermediates\transforms\dexBuilder\debug\53.jar
  The number of method references in a .dex file cannot exceed 64K.
  Learn how to resolve this issue at https://developer.android.com/tools/building/multidex.html

* Try:
Run with --stacktrace option to get the stack trace. Run with --info or --debug option to get more log output. Run with --scan to get full insights.

* Get more help at https://help.gradle.org

BUILD FAILED in 21s
Finished with error: Gradle task assembleDebug failed with exit code 1

以下は私のpubspecファイルです。

name: bakery
description: A new Flutter application.

# The following defines the version and build number for your application.
# A version number is three numbers separated by dots, like 1.2.43
# followed by an optional build number separated by a +.
# Both the version and the builder number may be overridden in flutter
# build by specifying --build-name and --build-number, respectively.
# In Android, build-name is used as versionName while build-number used as versionCode.
# Read more about Android versioning at https://developer.android.com/studio/publish/versioning
# In iOS, build-name is used as CFBundleShortVersionString while build-number used as CFBundleVersion.
# Read more about iOS versioning at
# https://developer.apple.com/library/archive/documentation/General/Reference/InfoPlistKeyReference/Articles/CoreFoundationKeys.html
version: 1.0.0+1

environment:
  sdk: ">=2.1.0 <3.0.0"

dependencies:

  cloud_firestore:

  flutter:
    sdk: flutter

  # The following adds the Cupertino Icons font to your application.
  # Use with the CupertinoIcons class for iOS style icons.
  cupertino_icons: ^0.1.2

dev_dependencies:
  flutter_test:
    sdk: flutter


# For information on the generic Dart part of this file, see the
# following page: https://www.dartlang.org/tools/pub/pubspec

# The following section is specific to Flutter.
flutter:

  # The following line ensures that the Material Icons font is
  # included with your application, so that you can use the icons in
  # the material Icons class.
  uses-material-design: true

  # To add assets to your application, add an assets section, like this:
  # assets:
  #  - images/a_dot_burr.jpeg
  #  - images/a_dot_ham.jpeg

  # An image asset can refer to one or more resolution-specific "variants", see
  # https://flutter.io/assets-and-images/#resolution-aware.

  # For details regarding adding assets from package dependencies, see
  # https://flutter.io/assets-and-images/#from-packages

  # To add custom fonts to your application, add a fonts section here,
  # in this "flutter" section. Each entry in this list should have a
  # "family" key with the font family name, and a "fonts" key with a
  # list giving the asset and other descriptors for the font. For
  # example:
  # fonts:
  #   - family: Schyler
  #     fonts:
  #       - asset: fonts/Schyler-Regular.ttf
  #       - asset: fonts/Schyler-Italic.ttf
  #         style: italic
  #   - family: Trajan Pro
  #     fonts:
  #       - asset: fonts/TrajanPro.ttf
  #       - asset: fonts/TrajanPro_Bold.ttf
  #         weight: 700
  #
  # For details regarding fonts from package dependencies,
  # see https://flutter.io/custom-fonts/#from-packages

以下は、私のアプリレベルのgradleファイルです。

def localProperties = new Properties()
def localPropertiesFile = rootProject.file('local.properties')
if (localPropertiesFile.exists()) {
    localPropertiesFile.withReader('UTF-8') { reader ->
        localProperties.load(reader)
    }
}

def flutterRoot = localProperties.getProperty('flutter.sdk')
if (flutterRoot == null) {
    throw new GradleException("Flutter SDK not found. Define location with flutter.sdk in the local.properties file.")
}

def flutterVersionCode = localProperties.getProperty('flutter.versionCode')
if (flutterVersionCode == null) {
    flutterVersionCode = '1'
}

def flutterVersionName = localProperties.getProperty('flutter.versionName')
if (flutterVersionName == null) {
    flutterVersionName = '1.0'
}

apply plugin: 'com.android.application'
apply from: "$flutterRoot/packages/flutter_tools/gradle/flutter.gradle"

android {
    compileSdkVersion 28

    lintOptions {
        disable 'InvalidPackage'
    }

    defaultConfig {
        // TODO: Specify your own unique Application ID (https://developer.android.com/studio/build/application-id.html).
        applicationId "com.boody.sag.bakery"
        minSdkVersion 16
        targetSdkVersion 28
        versionCode flutterVersionCode.toInteger()
        versionName flutterVersionName
        testInstrumentationRunner "android.support.test.runner.AndroidJUnitRunner"
    }

    buildTypes {
        release {
            // TODO: Add your own signing config for the release build.
            // Signing with the debug keys for now, so `flutter run --release` works.
            signingConfig signingConfigs.debug
        }
    }
}

flutter {
    source '../..'
}

dependencies {
    testImplementation 'junit:junit:4.12'
    androidTestImplementation 'com.android.support.test:runner:1.0.2'
    androidTestImplementation 'com.android.support.test.espresso:espresso-core:3.0.2'
}

apply plugin: 'com.google.gms.google-services'

以下は、私のandroidレベルのgradleファイルです。

buildscript {
    repositories {
        google()
        jcenter()
    }

    dependencies {
        classpath 'com.android.tools.build:gradle:3.2.1'
        classpath 'com.google.gms:google-services:3.2.0'
    }
}

allprojects {
    repositories {
        google()
        jcenter()
    }
}

rootProject.buildDir = '../build'
subprojects {
    project.buildDir = "${rootProject.buildDir}/${project.name}"
}
subprojects {
    project.evaluationDependsOn(':app')
}

task clean(type: Delete) {
    delete rootProject.buildDir
}

どのように解決するのですか？

マルチデックスを有効にする。

オープン project/app/build.gradle と入力し、以下の行を追加します。

defaultConfig {
    ...

    multiDexEnabled true
}

と

dependencies {
    ...

    implementation 'com.android.support:multidex:1.0.3'
}

AndroidXに移行した場合は、代わりにこれが必要です（Tip by トゥーレ・ホルダー ):

dependencies {
    ...

    implementation 'androidx.multidex:multidex:2.0.1'
}